Lithium-ion charges similarly to lead acid and you can also use the power supply but exercise extra caution. (See BU-804b: Sulfation and How to Prevent it) If the battery does not accept a charge after 24 hours, restoration is unlikely. Elevating the temperature and placing the battery on an ultrasound vibrator may also help in the process. A totally sulfated lead acid may draw very little current at first and as the sulfation layer dissolves, the current will gradually increase. Set the charge voltage above the recommended level, adjust the current limiting to the lowest practical value and observe the battery voltage. (See BU-404: What is Equalizing Charge)Ī power supply can also reverse sulfation. The time in overcharge is critical and must be carefully observed. You can also use the power supply to equalize a lead acid battery by setting the charge voltage 10 percent higher than recommended. If you need float charge for operational readiness, lower the charge voltage to about 2.25V/cell. Also disconnect the charge after 16–24 hours if the current has bottomed out and cannot go lower high self-discharge (soft electrical short) can prevent the battery from reaching the low saturation level. Once the battery is fully charged and the current has dropped to 3 percent of the rated Ah, the charge is completed. Charge only at ambient temperatures in a well-ventilated room. Observe the battery temperature, voltage and current during charge. (A 10 percent charge rate is equal to 0.1C.) An 80Ah starter battery may charge at 8A. A 10Ah battery at 30 percent charges at about 3A the percentage can be lower. For lead acid, this is between 10 and 30 percent of the rated capacity. Select the charge current according to battery size. To charge a 12-volt lead acid battery (six cells) to a voltage limit of 2.40V, set the voltage to 14.40V (6 x 2.40). Lead Acidīefore connecting the battery, calculate the charge voltage according to the number of cells in series, and then set the desired voltage and current limit. Because of difficulties in detecting full charge with nickel-based batteries, I recommend charging only lead and lithium-based batteries manually. I stress manual because charging needs the know-how and can never be left unattended charge termination is not automated. Batteries can be charged manually with a power supply featuring user-adjustable voltage and current limiting.
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